Purpose

In an effort to further advance patient care and guide treatment planning with salt water associated injuries, studies have been conducted of marine organisms and environmental hazards, which are a source of many marine associated injuries. Oysters, barnacles, stone and concrete structures are a frequently the source of wounds treated in the UTMB Emergency Department.

Methods and Materials

Samples were collected during four seasons. Specimens included oyster, barnacle, surface swabs and water. These were cultured for identification of microbes and antimicrobial sensitivity.

Four bodies of water surrounding Galveston Island were chosen. These areas were chosen due to the presence of rock or concrete formations and high volumes of outdoor enthusiasts. Specimens were collected during low tide and low seas conditions.

Results

Interpretation of the data concluded that dual antibiotic coverage with tetracyclines and quinolones would be necessary to address Vibrio species and multiple resistant fecal coliforms species. Vibrio species were isolated during two seasons, in which the water temperature was 80.9 degrees (F) and 79.8degrees on average.

Conclusions

Previous recommendation for salt water wound contamination call for single antibiotic therapy. Recent cultures of Galveston waters showed multi-resistant organisms in addition to Vibrio species. Therefore, dual antibiotic coverage is recommended.