Purpose: Demand for cosmetic surgery and procedures is rising at an exponential rate. Providing these services is often lucrative, and, therefore, often places realistic pressures on physicians to offer these services. However, because cosmetic procedures aim to enhance appearance as opposed to restore form or function, performing these services may present an ethical dilemma. Various ethical perspectives and opinions will be critically examined regarding this controversial issue.

Method and Materials: The basic principles of modern medical ethics – including beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice-- will be reviewed in the context of cosmetic procedures.

Results and Conclusion: Providing cosmetic services challenges the fundamental goals of medicine.